Umkhuba wemakethe wamamojula wamandla!

Indlela yemakethe yeamamojula amandla!

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi, ubudlelwano phakathi kwemishini yamandla kagesi nomsebenzi wabantu nempilo buya ngokuya busondelana, futhi okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi akuhlukaniseki ekunikezweni kwamandla okuthembekile.Ngawo-1980, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwekhompyutha kwaqaphela ngokugcwele ukushintshwa kokushintsha kwamandla kagesi., wahola ekuqedeni ukushintshwa kwamandla kagesi wekhompyutha.Ngawo-1990, ukushintsha kwezinto zamandla kwangena emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yemishini kagesi nekagesi.Amaswishi alawulwa uhlelo, ezokuxhumana, amandla kagesi wemishini yokuhlola kagesi, nezinto zokulawula amandla asetshenziswa kakhulu.Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesi kukhuthaze ukushintshwa kwamandla Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe.Manje, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlakaniphile emikhakheni esafufusa njenge-TV yedijithali, i-LED, i-IT, ezokuphepha, ujantshi wesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu, nezimboni ezihlakaniphile nazo zizokhuthaza kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yokushintshanisa ugesi.

Ukushintshaimojula yokunikeza amandla iyisizukulwane esisha sokushintshwa kwemikhiqizo kagesi, ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi efana neyomphakathi, yezimboni nezempi, okuhlanganisa imishini yokushintsha, imishini yokufinyelela, ukuxhumana kweselula, ukuxhumana nge-microwave, ukuthunyelwa kwe-optical, ama-routers nezinye izinkambu zokuxhumana kanye ne-automotive electronics, I-aerospace Linda.Ngenxa yezimpawu zomjikelezo omfushane wokuklama, ukwethembeka okuphezulu nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu okulula, ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula ukwakha uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngogesi kwenze ukusetshenziswa kwamandla emojula kwanda kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yakamuva, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinsizakalo zedatha kanye nokukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo kwezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamandla asabalalisiwe, izinga lokukhula lokunikezwa kwamandla emojula lidlule lelo lamandla ayisisekelo.

Abanye abantu embonini bakholelwa ukuthi imvamisa ephezulu yokushintshwa kwamandla kuyindlela yokuthuthuka kwawo.Intuthuko iyaqhubeka, ngezinga lokukhula lamadijithi angaphezu kwamabili njalo ngonyaka, libheke lapho libheke khona ukukhanya, ubuncane, ubuncane, umsindo ophansi, ukwethembeka okuphezulu kanye nokuphikisana nokuphazanyiswa.

Ukushintsha amamojula okunikezwa kwamandla kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: AC/DC kanye ne-DC/DC.Isiguquli se-DC/DC manje senziwe imodular, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokuklama kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza sekuvuthiwe futhi kwalinganiswa ekhaya naphesheya, futhi kuye kwaqashelwa abasebenzisi.Kodwa-ke, i-modularization ye-AC/DC, ngenxa yezici zayo, ihlangabezana nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ohlelweni lokumodela.Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kokushintshwa kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ekongeni amandla, ukonga izinsiza kanye nokuvikela imvelo.

1. Ukuminyana kwamandla akukona okuphezulu kakhulu, kuphakeme kuphela

Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha kanye nokushintshwa okuthambile kwe-high-frequency, ukuminyana kwamandla okunikezwa kwamandla emojula kuya ngokuya kukhuphuka, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kuya ngokuya kukhula, futhi uhlelo lokusebenza luya lula futhi lube lula.Ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuguqulwa nokupakisha bungenza ukuminyana kwamandla kagesi kudlule (50W/cm3), kube ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ukuminyana kwamandla kagesi wendabuko, futhi ukusebenza kahle kungadlula ama-90%.Ukusebenza okuthuthukile, okunokuqina kwamandla okuphindwe ka-4 kuneziguquli ezifanayo ezitholakalayo njengamanje emakethe, kunika amandla ingqalasizinda yokusabalalisa amandla e-HVDC ezinhlelweni ezifana nesikhungo sedatha, ezokuxhumana nezimboni.

2. I-voltage ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu

Ngokuncipha kwe-voltage esebenzayo ye-microprocessor, i-voltage ephumayo ye-module power supply nayo yehlile isuka ku-5V edlule yaya ku-3.3V yamanje noma i-1.8V.Imboni ibikezela ukuthi amandla kagesi aphumayo nawo azokwehla ngaphansi kwe-1.0V.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, okwamanje okudingwa yisekethe ehlanganisiwe kuyanda, okudinga ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze kunikeze amandla amakhulu okukhipha umthwalo.Ngokunikezwa kwamandla emojula ye-1V/100A, umthwalo osebenzayo ulingana no-0.01, futhi ubuchwepheshe bendabuko kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zedizayini ezinzima kangaka.Endabeni yomthwalo we-10m, ukumelana kwe-m ngakunye endleleni yomthwalo kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle ngo-10, futhi ukumelana nocingo kwebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, ukumelana nochungechunge lwe-inductor, ukumelana kwe-MOSFET kanye ne-die. izintambo ze-MOSFET, njll. zinethonya.

Okwesithathu, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula idijithali busetshenziswa kakhulu

Imojuli yokushintsha amandla kagesi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula isignali yedijithali (i-DSC) ukuze ilawule impendulo evaliwe yokunikezwa kwamandla, futhi yakha isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana kwedijithali nomhlaba wangaphandle.Ukunikezwa kwamandla okumodulayo kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula idijithali kuwumkhuba omusha ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kwemboni yokuphakelwa kwamandla emodulayo, futhi kunemikhiqizo embalwa okwamanje., Izinkampani eziningi ezinikezela ngogesi wamamojula aziwazi kahle ubuchwepheshe bokunikezwa kwamandla wamamojula alawulwa ngedijithali.Abangaphakathi embonini bakholelwa ukuthi ezinhlelweni eziningi, imfuneko yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla izoqhuba isidingo sama-IC okuphatha amandla onyakeni olandelayo.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana yokuthuthuka kancane, ukuphathwa kwamandla edijithali manje sekungene esigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha.Eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo, ucwaningo olugxile emikhiqizweni eyonga amandla kulindeleke ukuthi luqhubekisele phambili ukwamukelwa kokuphathwa kwamandla edijithali ezinhlelweni ezifana neziguquli ze-DC-DC.

Okwesine, imojuli yamandla ehlakaniphile iqala ukushisa

Imojula yamandla ehlakaniphile ayihlanganisi kuphela idivayisi yokushintsha amandla kanye nesekethe yokushayela ndawonye.Iphinde ibe namasekhethi akhelwe ngaphakathi okuthola amaphutha afana nokugcwala ngokweqile, i-overcurrent kanye nokushisa ngokweqile, futhi ingathumela amasignali okubona ku-CPU.Iqukethe ukufa kwesivinini esikhulu namandla aphansi, isekethe yedrayivu yesango eyenziwe kahle kanye nesekethe yokuvikela esheshayo.Ngisho noma kwenzeka ingozi yomthwalo noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele, i-IPM ngokwayo ingaqinisekiswa ukuthi ayinakulimala.Ama-IPM ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-IGBT njengamacici okushintsha amandla, futhi anezakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe ezinezinzwa zamanje ezakhelwe ngaphakathi namasekhethi okushayela.I-IPM iwina izimakethe ngokwandayo ngokuthembeka kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokusebenziseka kalula, ilungele ikakhulukazi iziguquli zefrikhwensi kanye nempahla yamandla eshintshashintshayo ehlukahlukene yokushayela izinjini.Idivayisi enamandla kakhulu kagesi.

Ukushintsha amamojula okunikezwa kwamandla kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kanye nobuhlakani, futhi imboni nayo izama ukuhlinzeka ngamaphakheji aphezulu wokuminyana kwamandla, futhi amamojula wamandla ahlakaniphile nawo azozuza intuthuko enkulu.Nakuba imakethe yokushintshanisa amandla kagesi inamathuba amahle, imakethe esezingeni eliphezulu okwamanje iphethwe yimikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe.Amabhrendi endawo adinga ukuqhubeka nokuqinisa idizayini yemininingwane yomkhiqizo, ukulawula ikhwalithi, nokwethembeka ukuze kunqandwe le makethe enkulu.